mod_rewrite ne se comporte pas bien

J’ai un projet simple dans lequel je tente de réécrire des URL pour pointer quelques scripts PHP.

Mon chemin actuel sur le serveur est / project / engine et j’ai déposé un fichier .htaccess dans ce répertoire pour effectuer ma réécriture:

RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^(get|post)/(\w+)$ $1.$2.php

C’est une réécriture assez simple. Je cherche essentiellement à réécrire une URL comme celle-ci: /project/engine/get/class à ceci: /project/engine/get.class.php .

Quelqu’un peut-il repérer l’erreur ici? Si j’essaie d’accéder à l’URL dans un navigateur Web, j’obtiens une erreur 404 et l’erreur suivante dans le journal des erreurs Apache:

 [Wed Dec 29 14:57:17 2010] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] Negotiation: discovered file(s) matching request: /var/www/project/engine/get (None could be negotiated).

Mon fichier de configuration apache ressemble à ceci:

  ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www  Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None   Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all  ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/  AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all  ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"  Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128

MODIFIER

Voici un dump de mes journaux d’access et d’erreur Apache.

tail /var/log/apache2/access.log :

 127.0.0.1 - - [29/Dec/2010:18:04:22 -0800] "GET /project/engine/get/questionnaire HTTP/1.1" 404 518 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.200 Safari/534.10" 127.0.0.1 - - [29/Dec/2010:18:04:23 -0800] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 500 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.200 Safari/534.10"

tail /var/log/apache2/error.log :

 [Wed Dec 29 18:04:22 2010] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] Negotiation: discovered file(s) matching request: /var/www/project/engine/get (None could be negotiated). [Wed Dec 29 18:04:23 2010] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] File does not exist: /var/www/favicon.ico

Aussi, voici mon fichier apache2.conf:

 # # Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool. # # This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about # the directives. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: # 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a # whole (the 'global environment'). # 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server, # which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host. # These directives also provide default values for the settings # of all virtual hosts. # 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to # different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the # same Apache server process. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "/var/log/apache2/foo.log" # with ServerRoot set to "" will be interpreted by the # server as "//var/log/apache2/foo.log". # ### Section 1: Global Environment # # The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, # such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it # can find its configuration files. # # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) # mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available # at ); # you will save yourself a lot of trouble. # # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path. # ServerRoot "/etc/apache2" # # The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK. # # # LockFile /var/lock/apache2/accept.lock # # # # PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process # identification number when it starts. # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars # PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} # # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out. # Timeout 300 # # KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. # KeepAlive On # # MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. # MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 # # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the # same client on the same connection. # KeepAliveTimeout 15 ## ## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific) ## # prefork MPM # StartServers: number of server processes to start # MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves  StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0  # worker MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves  StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0  # event MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves  StartServers 2 MaxClients 150 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0  # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. #  Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all  # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # eg, www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a  # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a  # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. # LogLevel warn # Include module configuration: Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf # Include all the user configurations: Include /etc/apache2/httpd.conf # Include ports listing Include /etc/apache2/ports.conf # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # # Define an access log for VirtualHosts that don't define their own logfile CustomLog /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log vhost_combined # Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files, # see README.Debian for details. # Include generic snippets of statements Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/ # Include the virtual host configurations: Include /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/

ainsi que le fichier réel qui “charge” le module mod_rewrite:

 LoadModule rewrite_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_rewrite.so

MODIFIER ENCORE

Voici mon journal de réécriture, enfin, ça marche, mais la réécriture ne fonctionne pas encore.

 127.0.0.1 - - [11/Jan/2011:16:08:38 --0800] [localhost/sid#7f1b3e7ae218][rid#7f1b3ebe82e8/initial] (2) init rewrite engine with requested uri /project/engine/get/questionnaire 127.0.0.1 - - [11/Jan/2011:16:08:38 --0800] [localhost/sid#7f1b3e7ae218][rid#7f1b3ebe82e8/initial] (1) pass through /project/engine/get/questionnaire 127.0.0.1 - - [11/Jan/2011:16:08:38 --0800] [localhost/sid#7f1b3e7ae218][rid#7f1b3ebec308/initial] (2) init rewrite engine with requested uri /favicon.ico 127.0.0.1 - - [11/Jan/2011:16:08:38 --0800] [localhost/sid#7f1b3e7ae218][rid#7f1b3ebec308/initial] (1) pass through /favicon.ico

Votre message d’erreur parle de négociation (supprimez mod_negociate si vous n’avez pas besoin d’un traitement multilingue).

Pour l’instant, supprimez les options Multiviews de votre répertoire.

Ensuite, augmentez le niveau de journalisation de mod_rewrite à 9 et définissez un fichier rewritelog pour obtenir une trace.

EDIT: Pour supprimer le module dont vous n’avez pas besoin, vous pouvez utiliser la commande a2dismod (ce qui signifie un mod -ules dis -able de -pache- 2 ). Et vous pouvez les réactiver avec a2enmod. Supprimer le module de négociation.

Si quelque chose ne va pas dans votre configuration après la désactivation du module, vous recevrez une notification de la ligne à modifier dans les journaux.

Vous pouvez également désactiver les vues multiples dans les parameters par répertoire, comme cela est fait dans votre répertoire cgi-bin avec la ligne Options. Ajoutez une configuration d’annuaire pour votre projet;

  AllowOverride None Options -MultiViews +FollowSymLinks Order allow,deny Allow from all

Que dis-tu de ça:

 RewriteRule ^(.*)(get|post)/(\w+)$ $1$2.$3.php

ou ca:

 RewriteRule ^(.*)/(get|post)/(\w+)$ $1/$2.$3.php

Je pourrais résoudre ce problème en évitant un répertoire commençant par une majuscule. Au cas où quelqu’un aurait le même problème.